Combis

What is a Combi Boiler?

A combi boiler is a device that provides both heating and hot water in our homes. As a product of modern technology, combi boilers make our lives more comfortable and convenient, especially during the winter months. Combi boilers are devices used in residential and commercial spaces to provide heating during the winter and hot water throughout the year. These devices typically operate on gas, heating water by burning gas. Combi boilers provide both heating and hot water simultaneously, making them a multifunctional and cost-effective solution. Combi boilers come in various models and capacities, which can be selected according to the size of the house or space. In this article, we will provide detailed information on the types of combi boilers, their working principles, selection advice, and maintenance methods.

Importance of Combi Boilers

The importance of combi boilers can be explained by several key factors:

1. Energy Efficiency: Combi boilers use gas efficiently, leading to reduced energy consumption and resulting in savings.
2. Hot Water Supply: Combi boilers are used both for the heating system and hot water supply. This ensures that hot water is always available at home or work.
3. Space Saving: Combi boilers are usually compact and do not require a separate boiler room, allowing for more efficient use of space.
4. Flexibility and Control: Combi boilers can operate with different temperature settings, allowing users to select the temperature according to their needs. This helps manage energy consumption and increase comfort levels.
5. Environmental Friendliness: Modern combi boilers operate with low emission levels, causing less harm to the environment. This makes them a more eco-friendly choice.
6. Durability and Safety: With proper maintenance, combi boilers can operate reliably for many years, and modern models meet high safety standards.

Types of Combi Boilers

Electric Combi Boilers

Electric combi boilers use electricity to provide heating in residential and commercial spaces. They operate using a different technology compared to traditional gas combi boilers and offer many advantages. Below is detailed information about electric combi boilers:

1. Working Principle: Electric combi boilers convert electrical energy into heat energy to heat water. These devices directly heat water through electric resistors, which is then circulated throughout the space via the heating system. Electric combi boilers can also instantly heat water, allowing immediate use of hot water.
2. Energy Efficiency: Electric combi boilers have high energy efficiency as they almost completely convert electrical energy into heat energy. These devices come with an A++ energy rating, indicating that they operate efficiently with low energy consumption. However, since the cost of electricity is higher than gas, the operational cost of electric combi boilers can be higher.
3. Installation and Maintenance: Electric combi boilers are easier to install compared to gas combi boilers because they do not require gas pipes or chimneys. This also indicates that they are safer, as there is no risk of gas leakage or fire. Electric combi boilers require less maintenance than gas-powered ones, and the repair processes are simpler.
4. Environmental Cleanliness: Unlike gas-powered models, electric combi boilers do not emit carbon emissions into the environment. They are completely eco-friendly devices and contribute to environmental protection. However, the source of the electricity used is also important; if this energy is obtained from renewable sources, electric combi boilers can be a completely "green" choice.
5. Heating Supply and Temperature Control: Electric combi boilers offer precise heating adjustments and allow for different temperatures in different zones. They can instantly provide hot water at any desired temperature, making them convenient for both heating and water heating.
6. Operating Costs: The operating costs of electric combi boilers can be higher compared to gas-powered models, especially in areas where electricity prices are high. However, since they do not require a gas line or gas subscription, additional costs may be reduced.
7. Availability and Options: Electric combi boilers are available in various capacities and sizes, making it easier to choose models suitable for spaces of different sizes. They are also offered in different designs and colors, allowing them to be adapted to the interior.
8. Usage in Winter Spaces: Electric combi boilers can be more reliable, especially in areas with frequent power outages during winter. This is because they can provide heating without the additional risk of combustion. However, when using such boilers, backup energy sources like generators can be considered.
9. Durability: With proper use and maintenance, electric combi boilers can serve for a long time. Their repair and maintenance costs may be lower compared to gas combi boilers since they do not have complex gas mechanisms or chimneys.
10. Comfort and Flexibility: Electric combi boilers can be equipped with remote controls and programmable thermostats. This allows the heating system to be managed even when not at home. Such convenience provides additional comfort and energy savings for users.

Electric combi boilers are an ideal solution, especially in areas without gas supply or where environmental cleanliness is important. However, when choosing them, the cost of electricity, the heating needs of the home or space, and technical requirements should be considered.

Gas Combi Boilers

Gas combi boilers heat water by burning gas and provide both heating and hot water. Gas combi boilers are widely used in homes and commercial spaces and are known for the following features:

1. Working Principle: Gas combi boilers operate on natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Gas is burned to generate heat energy, which is directed towards heating the water. The heated water circulates through the central heating system via radiators, warming the space. Simultaneously, hot water is supplied for domestic use through the hot water line.
2. Energy Efficiency: Gas combi boilers are highly energy-efficient, especially modern condensing boilers. Condensing boilers utilize the energy from the steam released during gas combustion to provide additional heat. This increases their energy efficiency and reduces energy consumption.
3. Installation and Maintenance: Installing gas combi boilers requires the presence of a gas line and chimney system. Proper installation of the gas line and ensuring the safety of the chimney system is essential due to the risk of gas leakage or fire. Regular maintenance and technical services are necessary to ensure the safe and long-term operation of gas combi boilers.
4. Hot Water Supply: Gas combi boilers can provide immediate and uninterrupted hot water for home use. The combi boiler can also be used as a direct heater to supply hot water independently of the heating system. This increases comfort in domestic use.
5. Availability and Options: Gas combi boilers are available in various capacities and models, making it easier to select a model suitable for homes and workplaces of different sizes. When choosing a combi boiler, factors such as the square footage of the house, the number of radiators, and the overall heating needs of the space should be considered.
6. Environmental Impact: Gas combi boilers emit more carbon emissions into the environment compared to electric boilers, but modern condensing models minimize these emissions. Their environmental cleanliness depends on the type of gas used and the energy efficiency of the combi boiler.
7. Operating Costs: Gas combi boilers generally have lower operating costs compared to electric boilers. Since the price of natural gas is cheaper than electricity, operating gas combi boilers requires less cost. However, additional costs for technical services and chimney cleaning should be considered.
8. Durability: Gas combi boilers can be used for a long time with proper maintenance and technical service. Their durability and reliability are high, but regular professional maintenance is required. Especially, cleaning the chimney and checking the combustion chamber is essential.
9. Safety: Gas combi boilers are devices that meet safety requirements, but some precautions should be taken to ensure their safe operation. Regular technical services and the use of gas detectors are recommended to prevent gas leakage. Additionally, the installation and servicing of gas combi boilers should only be carried out by qualified professionals.
10. Installation Locations: Gas combi boilers are mainly installed in homes, multi-apartment buildings, and small workplaces. They can also be used in enclosed spaces and kitchens, but proper ventilation must be ensured in this case.

Working Principle of Combi Boilers

The working principle of combi boilers is primarily based on heating water and circulating this heated water through the heating system. Combi boilers are used both for heating and hot water supply. Their working principle can be explained in the following stages:

1.Combustion Process

When the combi boiler is activated, in gas combi boilers, the gas valve opens, and gas enters the combustion chamber. In electric combi boilers, an electric current is directed to the resistor. In gas combi boilers, the burner located in the combustion chamber burns the gas, generating heat energy. In electric combi boilers, electrical energy is directly converted into heat energy.

2.Water Heating

The heat energy generated by the combustion process heats the water in the heat exchanger (heat exchanger) located inside the combi boiler. This water circulates through pipes connected to the combi boiler's central heating system and radiators, starting to heat the space.

3.Hot Water Supply

The combi boiler is also connected to the hot water line. When hot water is needed, the combi boiler immediately increases the water temperature and directs the hot water to the taps. The process of heating the water in combi boilers occurs instantly, meaning the user can obtain hot water immediately.

4.Temperature Regulation

Combi boilers are equipped with regulation mechanisms that allow precise control of the water and space temperature. Users can select the desired temperature through the control panel on the combi boiler or via remote control. Thermostats allow the combi boiler to autonomously measure the space temperature and automatically adjust the heating requirement.

5.Heat Distribution and Circulation

The heated water circulates through the radiators or underfloor heating system via pipes. Radiators transfer the heat from the water to the air, heating the space. As the water circulates through the radiators and cools down, it returns to the combi boiler to be reheated.

6.Safety and Automatic Shutdown

Combi boilers are equipped with safety systems. For example, if the water pressure or temperature exceeds the norm, the combi boiler can automatically shut down. Additionally, in gas combi boilers, if a gas leak is detected, the combi boiler automatically cuts off the gas supply.

This working principle of combi boilers ensures that they are an efficient and safe solution for both heating and hot water supply. Modern combi boilers save energy, are easy to use, and are more environmentally friendly.

Maintenance and Care of Combi Boilers

Proper maintenance and care of combi boilers are crucial for their correct operation and longevity. Maintenance of combi boilers is important for both ensuring safety and maintaining the device's energy efficiency. Below are the main points related to the maintenance and care of combi boilers:

1.Annual Technical Service

Annual technical service for combi boilers must be performed. This is usually carried out by a professional technician and includes checking, cleaning, and adjusting all systems of the combi boiler. The primary goal of annual technical service is to ensure the safe operation of the combi boiler and prevent malfunctions.

2.Cleaning the Chimney and Airflow System

In gas combi boilers, the chimney system must be regularly cleaned. This ensures the proper discharge of the by-products of gas combustion and carbon dioxide. A clogged chimney can lead to gas leakage and hazardous situations. In electric combi boilers, the cleanliness of the airflow system and ventilation is of great importance.

3.Monitoring Water Pressure

The water pressure of the combi boiler should be regularly checked. Normally, the pressure of the combi boiler should be between 1 and 2 bars. If the pressure drops too low, the combi boiler may not work properly, or the heating system may weaken. If the pressure rises too high, it can also pose safety risks. The filling valve on the combi boiler can be used to adjust the pressure.

4.Bleeding Radiators

It is essential to regularly bleed the radiators. When air accumulates inside the radiators, it reduces the efficiency of the heating system and hinders the even distribution of heat from the radiators. The radiator valve is used to bleed the radiators.

5.Cleaning the Combustion Chamber

Cleaning the combustion chamber in gas combi boilers is very important. Accumulated dirt and smoke can reduce the efficiency of the combustion process and cause incomplete combustion of the gas. This can increase carbon monoxide emissions and reduce the device's energy efficiency.

6.Cleaning Filters

The water and air filters of the combi boiler must be regularly cleaned. These filters ensure the proper circulation of water and air within the device. Dirty filters can reduce the performance of the combi boiler and cause the circulation pump to work harder, increasing energy consumption.

7.Checking for Gas Leaks

There is a risk of gas leakage in gas combi boilers. The combi boiler and gas pipes should be regularly checked for gas leaks. If a gas leak is detected, a professional technician should be contacted immediately. Gas detectors can be used for gas leaks that are not visible.

8.Checking Electrical Connections

It is important to check for any malfunctions or damage in the electrical components of electric combi boilers and gas combi boilers. Damaged or broken wires can cause the combi boiler to malfunction and create dangerous situations.

9.Following User Instructions

To ensure the long life and efficient operation of combi boilers, it is important to use them according to the user manual. Improper use of the combi boiler can shorten the life of the device and increase the risk of accidents.

10.Measures for Emergencies

Safety measures for emergencies involving the combi boiler should be known and applied. For example, if a gas leak is detected, the gas supply should be immediately cut off, and electrical devices should not be used. Additionally, it is recommended to have gas detectors and fire extinguishing equipment in the area where the combi boiler is installed.

Proper maintenance and care of combi boilers ensure their efficient and safe operation for a long time. These measures also reduce energy consumption and minimize the overall costs of the device.

Frequently Asked Questions about Combi Boilers

Why does the combi boiler turn off?

The combi boiler may turn off for several reasons:

• Water pressure: If the water pressure is too low or too high, the combi boiler may turn off for safety reasons.
• Gas supply: If the gas supply is interrupted or the gas valve is closed, the combi boiler will stop working.
• Airlock: If there is an airlock in the radiators or inside the combi boiler, it can reduce the efficiency of the heating system and cause the combi boiler to turn off.
• Technical malfunctions: The combi boiler may turn off if there is a malfunction in the burner, thermostat, or other components.

What should the water pressure of the combi boiler be?

• The ideal water pressure of the combi boiler should usually be between 1 and 2 bars. Problems can arise if the pressure falls below 1 bar or rises above 2.5 bars. In this case, the water pressure should be adjusted using the filling valve on the combi boiler.

Why does the combi boiler provide hot water but not heating?

This problem may be caused by several factors:

• Thermostat: The thermostat for the central heating system may not be functioning properly.
• Airlock: Air accumulation in the radiators may prevent proper water circulation.
• Circulation pump: A malfunction in the circulation pump of the combi boiler may hinder the circulation of water.

How can the combi boiler be made to use less energy?

To reduce the energy consumption of the combi boiler:

• Adjust the thermostat: Choose a comfortable temperature rather than overheating the space.
• Insulate: Increase the insulation of your home and radiators.
• Regular maintenance: Regular maintenance of filters, the chimney system, and other components of the combi boiler improves energy efficiency.

How to bleed the combi boiler?

• The radiator valve located at the top of the radiators is opened to bleed the radiator. A little water will also come out with the air, which is normal. Once the bleeding process is complete, the valve should be closed.

Is it safe to use a combi boiler?

• Yes, modern combi boilers meet safety standards and are safe to use. However, it is recommended that gas-powered combi boilers receive regular maintenance and that gas detectors are installed. Electric combi boilers are considered safer since there is no gas risk.

How to use the combi boiler in winter?

• The combi boiler should operate continuously in winter, but to save energy, it is recommended to adjust the temperature using the thermostat and slightly lower the temperature at night. Additionally, it is important to regularly bleed the radiators and check the water pressure.

Why does the combi boiler make noise?

The noise from the combi boiler can be caused by several factors:

• Airlock: Air accumulation in the radiators or inside the combi boiler may cause noise.
• Circulation pump: A malfunction or improper functioning of the pump.
• High pressure: High water pressure in the combi boiler may cause rapid water circulation, resulting in noise.

How long does a combi boiler last?

• With proper use and regular maintenance, combi boilers can last for 10-15 years or longer. Regular technical service and replacement of spare parts extend the life of the device.

What needs to be done for the installation of a combi boiler?

• The installation of the combi boiler should be carried out by a professional technician. During installation, the proper installation of the gas and water lines, the compatibility of the chimney system, and adherence to safety requirements are essential.